Upwelling is the process of wind pushing surface water away from the coast, causing deeper, colder, and nutrient-rich water to rise and take its place. The correct option is D.
Upwelling refers to the process by which deep, cold, nutrient-rich water rises to the surface in the ocean. This upward movement of water is a crucial component of ocean circulation and has significant impacts on marine ecosystems.
Upwelling zones are typically found along coastlines, where wind-driven surface currents move away from the shore, causing deeper water to replace it. Coastal upwelling is the most common type and occurs along the western coastlines of continents, particularly in the eastern boundary currents.
Which sentence below best explains the process of upwelling
a Upwelling is the process of warm surface water sinking to the bottom of the ocean and being replaced by colder water from the top.
b Upwelling is caused by the rotation of the Earth, which pulls surface water away from the equator and creates a vacuum that draws up deep water.
c Upwelling occurs only in deep ocean trenches, where the pressure difference between the surface and the bottom causes water to rise.
d Upwelling is the process of wind pushing surface water away from the coast, causing deeper, colder, and nutrient-rich water to rise and take its place.