Zoe is at the STAGE ONE of moral development in this scenario.
The theory of Lawrence Kohlberg has six stages divided into 3 leveles:
LEVEL 1 ( PRE-CONVENTIONAL)
- Obedience and punishment orientation
- Self-interest orientation
LEVEL 2 (CONVENTIONAL)
- Interpersonal accord and conformity
- Authority and social order maintaining orientation
LEVEL 3 ( POST-CONVENTIONAL)
- Social contract orientation
- Universal ethical principles
In STAGE 1, if an action is perceived as morally wrong ( as cheating), the "doer" of the action is punished.
An example of obedience and punishment driven morality would be a Zoe refusing to cheat because it is wrong and that the consequences could result in punishment. (teacher giving him poor grades).