The correct answer is the second option. Jefferson in this passage appeals to authority by making reference to God, and the power invested in them bu this "divine providence". Another evidence of this appeal can be found in the word "pledge" since it refers to making promises to others, particularly to keep their lives, money and honor.
This reference to authority is particularly appropiate given the context, since the Founding fathers needed to justify their authority, as well as make reference to the power their holded.