Question

Ama is a functionalist. Which of the following explains why she believes social inequalities help societies survive?

Social inequalities are based on merit.

Social inequalities are found universally in all societies.

Social inequalities separate the fit from the unfit.

Social inequalities motivate people to work harder.

Answer 1

Answer: Social inequalities are found universally in all societies.

Step-by-step explanation:

Functionalism compares societies with the human body. They consider society to be composed of many interrelated elements that have distinct functions and run together for the entire system to work. Under this perspective, any inequality is inevitable and functional to the performance of society.

For example, to function properly, any society needs people working in a variety of professions. Those in more specialized positions will be compensated with better earnings than those whose positions demand less training.

Answer 2

The correct answer is the last: "Social inequalities motivate people to work harder".

Funcionalists state that inequality is benefitial for the survival of every society. They claim that it is the key behind the division of labor, as not everyone is qualified to be the boss. Also, the obtention of different retributions depending on the job performed, as there are positions which entagle more or less responsibility, is the manner of motivating people to make an effort to try to reach the upper positions.