The Declaration of Independence was written without a detailed article about the power and control of the government.
Because of the history of the colonies with the British government, the colonists did not want another ruler to limit their freedom, because of that they wanted the Articles of Confederation, to limit the power of the government and how to control it.
Then they wrote those Articles that came into force in March 1781. The articles expressed clearly the independence and sovereignty of the states. The central government was very limited.