Final answer:
A therapist using the life-span perspective would consider the client's entire development history, while a life-course perspective would focus on social and historical contexts. Erikson's stage of 'integrity versus despair' provides a framework for understanding the client's reflection on life accomplishments. Addressing potential ageism and its impact on depression is also critical.
Step-by-step explanation:
When working with an elderly veteran experiencing symptoms of depression and feeling like he has not accomplished his life goals, a therapist following the life-span perspective would consider factors such as developmental changes that happen across the individual's entire life and how previous experiences shape his current status. This perspective emphasizes growth and adaptation at all stages of life. On the other hand, a therapist adopting the life-course perspective might look at the social and historical context of the individual's experiences, including the impact of serving in the Army for 25 years, which could have affected the achievement of personal goals.
Furthermore, by understanding Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development, the therapist could recognize that the client is in the stage known as 'integrity versus despair' and may be reflecting on his life outcomes. Additionally, the therapist might examine potential ageism the client has faced and how societal stereotypes and biases might contribute to his depression. It's crucial to acknowledge the individual challenges that come with old age, including loss of social contacts and potential for loneliness.
Lastly, considering that old age is a time when people may reflect on their unrealized goals and experience a range of emotions from satisfaction to regret, the therapist would work to guide the client toward a greater sense of integrity and peace with his life achievements to mitigate feelings of despair.