Final answer:
The Second Triumvirate, consisting of Mark Antony, Octavian, and Lepidus, was formed to control Roman affairs after Caesar's death. They defeated Caesar's assassins at the Battle of Philippi and divided the empire, with Octavian taking Europe and Antony taking the East and Egypt. Their alliance eventually collapsed, leading to Octavian becoming the first Roman Emperor Augustus.
Step-by-step explanation:
Members of the Second Triumvirate
The Second Triumvirate was a political alliance formed by three of Julius Caesar's closest associates: Mark Antony, Octavian (later known as Augustus), and Lepidus. This alliance effectively took control of Roman affairs after Caesar's assassination. The trio sought to consolidate power and exact revenge on Caesar's murderers.
In 43 BCE, the Second Triumvirate was officially recognized by the Lex Titia, a law that granted them the power to make and enforce laws without the immediate input of the Roman Senate. Their concerted efforts led to the defeat of the assassins of Julius Caesar at the Battle of Philippi. Following these events, Mark Antony and Octavian divided the Roman territories, with Octavian taking control of Europe and Antony taking the East along with Egypt's resources.
Despite their initial unity, tensions soon rose between Octavian and Antony, resulting in a struggle for supremacy that would ultimately lead to the end of the Roman Republic and the emergence of the Roman Empire under Octavian, who became the first Roman Emperor Augustus.