Answer:
Gregor Mendel (1885) known as father of classical genetics, discovered the fundamental principles of inheritance by studying a common pea plant (Pisum sativum). He presented two laws of inheritance: Law of segregation, and Law of independent assortment.
Genetic characteristics included in his studies
In both laws he included the following genetic characteristics.
1. Seed colour (Yellow and green)
2. seed shape (Round and wrinkle)
3. pod color (Yellow and green)
4. pod shape (inflated and constricted)
5. Flower position (axial and terminal)
6. seed coat color (grey and white)
7. stem length (short and tall)