Melanie is using "critical" thinking.
Critical thinking is the capacity to think what to do or what to accept. It incorporates the capacity to take part in intelligent and independent reasoning.
Critical thinking doesn't involve accumulating data. A man with a good memory and who knows a great deal of realities isn't really great at basic reasoning. A basic mastermind can find outcomes from what he knows, and he knows how to make utilization of data to take care of issues, and to look for relevant sources of data to educate himself.