Final answer:
A student takes an active reading stance when looking up a word in the dictionary, as this approach involves engaging with the text through word choice and critical evaluation.
Step-by-step explanation:
When reading is viewed as a transaction between the reader and the text, the type of transactive stance a student takes when looking up a word in the dictionary is one of active reading. This approach involves looking at the word choice or diction to delve deeper into the meaning of the text. By consulting the dictionary, the student is actively engaging with the material, seeking to understand the author's language and potentially the larger implications of terms within the text. This act of looking up words and reflecting on their meaning is part of a broader strategy of thoughtful engagement, critical reflection, and evaluation of the text. It contrasts with passive reading, where one might read without this level of engagement or questioning.