The sickle cell anaemia is a condition, in which the red blood cells of the affected person becomes sickle shaped. This condition is caused by an autosomal recessive condition, which is a genetic disorder. Due to the sickle shaped RBC, the Hemoglobin becomes unable to bind with the oxygen efficiently, as a result it causes anaemia.
As this condition is caused by genetic abnormality, it can be detected by a DNA analysis.