First one:
cos(A)=AC/AB=3/4.24
cos(B)=BC/AB=3/4.24
Cos(A)/cos(B)=AC/AB / (BC/AB) = AC/AB * AB/BC = AC/BC=3/3=1
Second one:
To solve this problem, we have to ASSUME AFE is a straight line, i.e. angle EFB is 90 degrees. (this is not explicitly given).
If that's the case, AE is a transversal of parallel lines AB and DE.
And Angle A is congruent to angle E (alternate interior angles).
Therefore sin(A)=sin(E)=0.5