Final answer:
The mRNA sequence '5'-AUGCUGAAUUGCGUAGGA-3'' corresponds to an amino acid sequence: Methionine (Met), Leucine (Leu), Asparagine (Asn), Cysteine (Cys), with translation stopping at the UAG stop codon.
Step-by-step explanation:
Understanding the Amino Acid Sequence Encoded by mRNA
The partial mRNA sequence '5'-AUGCUGAAUUGCGUAGGA-3'' encodes for a specific amino acid sequence that can be determined using the genetic code. The sequence begins with the start codon AUG, which codes for Methionine (Met). By dividing the sequence into consecutive triplets and translating each via the genetic code, we determine the following:
AUG - Methionine (Met)
CUG - Leucine (Leu)
AAU - Asparagine (Asn)
UGC - Cysteine (Cys)
UAG - Stop codon
GGA - Glycine (Gly), though this triplet is beyond the stop codon and would not be translated in a real-life scenario.
The resulting amino acid sequence of the peptide is Met-Leu-Asn-Cys, but translation would stop at the stop codon UAG, so Glycine is not included in the final protein.
Genetic mutations can change the DNA sequence, causing different amino acids to be encoded. This can alter protein function, as exemplified by sickle cell anemia, where a single amino acid change transforms the structure of hemoglobin molecules.