To ensure the success of the Second Five-Year Plan in 1958 Mao launched the The Great Leap Forward campaign.
After the first Five-year Plan, Mao Zeodong, leader of the Communist Party of China (1949-76), felt confident enough to launch a second one called "The Great Leap Forward", which lasted from 1958 through 1962, aiming to organize China's large population into large-scale rural communes that worked to solve its industrial and agricultural problems at the time.