The correct answer is C: The personal wishes of the king.
The split between the Catholic Church and England occurred in the year 1534 after the pope denied King Henry VIII's request for a marriage annulment.
King Henry sent a letter and his court to Pope Clement VII in the year 1530 asking for the annulment of his first marriage to Catherine of Aragon, since the king wished to move on to a new, younger bride who might be able to deliver on his quest for a son. This letter was the opening salvo of a battle between Henry and Clement that resulted in the English church breaking from the Catholic church.