Final answer:
The 1920's experienced an agricultural crisis due to overproduction and a postwar drop in demand, leading to a severe decrease in commodity prices and economic hardships for farmers. Many defaulted on loans, causing farm foreclosures which in turn prompted a migration from rural to urban areas.
Step-by-step explanation:
During the 1920's, a significant event that impacted food production was the agricultural crisis. Following World War I, the United States saw a shift as the population became more urban than rural, leading to a decrease in the rural workforce. This transition, coupled with the post-war economic conditions, led to a severe drop in the price of farm commodities.
Farmers had experienced all-time high prices for crops like corn during the war, but with the end of the global conflict, the demand decreased while production remained high. This overproduction resulted in an oversupply of food, causing prices to plummet from 70 cents per bushel at the beginning of the decade to just 10 cents by its end. The era, often seen as a time of prosperity, hid the struggles of farmers who were facing the harsh reality of dwindling profits.
The agricultural sector's issues were further compounded by the reluctance of the government to provide federal price supports, with President Coolidge vetoing attempts by Congress to help stabilize prices. Many farmers were unable to repay loans taken out during the war, leading to over 2400 farm foreclosures by 1924. The economic hardship prompted a rural exodus to urban areas in search of employment, contributing to the changing demographics of the workforce.
By the end of the decade, the agricultural sector's overproduction and poor economic returns foreshadowed the struggles that would continue into the Great Depression. Notably, no physical calamities or major changes in key input prices caused the economic downturn, indicating that it was largely a result of internal economic factors like overproduction and market saturation.