Hey there! :)
1st picture:
Change to common denominator:12
1 · 3 = 3
4 · 3 = 12
5 · 1 = 5
12 · 1 = 12
3 + 5 = 8 = 2
12 12 = 12 = 3
2nd picture:
Change to common denominator: 14
1 · 2 = 2
7 · 2 = 14
3 · 1 = 3
14 · 1 14
2 + 3 = 5
14 14 14
3rd picture:
Change to common denominator: 15
1 · 3 = 3
5 · 3 = 15
2 · 5 = 10
3 · 5 = 15
10 + 3 = 13
15 15 = 15