You can set up a proportion like this:

Notice how the samples are represented in the numerator and the defective iPhones in the denominator. Since you don't know the number of defective iPhones in the 100,000 sample, you leave it as x.
Use cross multiplication to solve from here:
100000 * 12 = 1500 * x
1200000 = 1500x
x = 800
There are 800 iPhones expected to be defective in a sample of 100,000.