4) Since the bases are the same, you can equate the exponents.
3x = 4
x = 4/3
5) Make the bases be the same, then equate the exponents.
64^(-x-2) = 4^2
(4^3)^(-x-2) = 4^2
4^(3(-x-2)) = 4^2
3(-x-2) = 2
x+2 = -2/3 . . . . . divide by -3
x = -(2 2/3) . . . . or -8/3 if you wish
6) 20^x = v
Taking the log gives
x·log(20) = log(v)