The correct answer is number 4. Republics.
During the 1848 Springtime of Peoples, revolutionaries in the Italian states established Republics.
Many people in Europe -Italy included- received the influence of ideas that moved them to bring changes to their countries. So people started to revolt in the Italian territory and the island of Sicily. The sentiment of nationalism inundated the Italian people that demanded to end the control exerted by Austria. Italy was not an entire unified country but a group of states. The Kingdomes of Lombardi-Venetia and the Kingdom of Sardinia were the precursors of the revolution.