Final answer:
The General Assembly of the United Nations allows for equal representation of all member states, whereas the Security Council, which includes five permanent members with veto power, holds significant authority over matters of international peace and security.
Step-by-step explanation:
The United Nations is a pivotal international organization comprised of several key bodies, including the General Assembly and the Security Council. Each of the 193 UN member states has an equal voice in the General Assembly, which addresses critical global challenges and adopts policies at its annual meetings. In contrast, the Security Council, with greater power within the organization, is made up of fifteen countries; five are permanent members with veto power (United States, Russia, Britain, France, and China), and ten non-permanent members elected for two-year terms by the General Assembly. The Security Council's decisions, especially regarding international peace and security, are binding for all member nations, reflecting a power distribution that could be seen as a blend of confederal and federal structures, given the individual member state's power but also the Security Council's overarching authority.