The correct answer is D) they monitor and expose potential violations.
Global NGO's and groups of citizens respond to human rights issues in that they monitor and expose potential violations.
ONG's or Non-governmental organizations are independent groups formed to support or fight against issues of social interest and serve as a balance of decisions made by government officials or corporations, in the case these decisions cause some kind of inconvenient or damage to society. For instance, Human Watch is an ONG that is always monitoring human rights issues in many countries of the world. SO it is correct to say that global NGO's and groups of citizens respond to human rights issues in that they monitor and expose potential violations.