If you are moving the center of circle 2 to the the center of circle 1, then the translation rule is (x,y) ---> (x+4, y+10).
Note how x = 1 turns into x = 5. So we add 4
Also, y = -2 turns into y = 8. We add 10
The scale factor to turn the radius r = 4 into r = 8 is 2. Basically we double the radius. We can divide the two radii to see 8/4 = 2
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Summary:
To go from circle 2 to circle 1, we apply these two transformations
translation: (x,y) ---> (x+4, y+10)
dilation: scale factor 2
note:
if you want to go backwards, go from circle 1 to circle 2, then undo the transformations above