Option A is the correct Answer. Bonds are loans that are given to a company or government for a fixed period of time.
Bonds are the means to borrow money by a company or government from individuals or groups for a certain predefined period of time with an interest amount for them in return of their money.
Companies who are in need of money for buying new equipment, property, any asset, research and development, buying of a profitable project, etc, issue bonds as a mean of borrowing money.
Similarly, Governments need money to fund roads, schools, hospitals, dams and other infrastructure. So they issue bonds for the general public with an interest rate associated with it for a fixed period of time.
People buy bonds and enjoy interest on it, while issuer of the bonds borrow money and do the work.
Bonds are low risk investments.