Thurgood Marshall argued that providing separate facilities for black and white citizens was inherently unequal. His argument was based around the idea that the separate facilities were not equal and that their was a social stigma around the all black facilities in the US that made it seem as if blacks were inferior.
The Supreme Court case ruled in favor of Brown and Marshall, and stated that “separate but equal” is unconstitutional. This essentially ended segregated schools for blacks and whites.
Even though this was supposed to be a step towards equality, blacks were still treated unequal in American society and still discriminated against. States have went as far as stopping black students from entering previously all white schools right after the Brown case was decided.