Answer:
C: Europe lost access to overland trade routes to Asia
Step-by-step explanation:
When the Ottoman Turks managed to conquer Constantinople and put end to the Byzantine Empire, they actually managed to gain access to the most important trade route between Europe and Asia. This was a big blow for the Europeans, while a big boost for the Ottomans. The Ottomans used the opportunity and started to impose larger taxes for every good that was passing through their territory, bringing them lot of wealth. The Europeans were not happy with this situation. This led the Europeans to start and look for new routes around the one through the Ottoman Empire, eventually resulting in discovering a trade route around Africa and through the Indian Ocean, as well as accidentaly discovering few new continents.