Inherent and implied powers are powers of the government that are, under the Elastic Clause in the Constitution, ways for the government to stretch their power to take care of situations that the Founding Fathers hadn’t considered when first writing the constitution. One of these inherent powers that is most common is the power to grow the nation’s territory.
The Louisiana Purchase was a purchase between the United States and France that gave France badly-needed money for their war and the United States badly-wanted land to grow their power and influence. By buying the land in the Louisiana Purchase from France, the United States government was using their inherent and implied powers to expand their territory.
Therefore, the answer is A: inherent and implied powers.