Final answer:
X-linked traits are determined by genes on the X chromosome and are not present on the Y chromosome, leading to different inheritance patterns in males and females.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term that best describes traits that are found on the X chromosome but not on the Y chromosome is X-linked traits. These traits are controlled by genes that are located only on the X chromosome. In human females, who have two X chromosomes (XX), these traits have a higher likelihood of being expressed. In contrast, human males, who have only one X chromosome paired with a Y chromosome (XY), can express these traits if the gene is present on their single X chromosome, leading to distinctive patterns of inheritance for X-linked traits.
X-linked traits can have significant implications for the expression of certain conditions, such as color blindness and hemophilia, which are more commonly observed in males due to the presence of only one X chromosome. The absence of a corresponding gene on the Y chromosome means that if a male inherits an X-linked recessive trait, he will express that trait since there's no dominant allele on the Y chromosome to mask the effect of the recessive allele on the X chromosome.