As the star reaches the main sequence star stage, the hydrogen gas in its core is converted into helium due to the nuclear fusion. This destabilizes the core of the star as the star begins to feels the shortage of hydrogen gas . Also the star stop generating heat and it contracts. The outer shell of star which is made of hydrogen expands and becomes red. The red color indicates the star has become colder that its previous stage. At this stage the star has reached the stage of red giant phase.