The correct answer is D) they oppose or point out problems with another person’s argument.
What historians intend to do when they make counterclaim is they oppose or point out problems with another person’s argument.
Historians do deep research in order to prove a point or to demonstrate the validity of an event or incident occurred in the past. There could be many opinions on different issues that question other historians arguments. That is when counterclaims are used. And the debate can be opened. Historians need to prove their points using facts, data, valid sources, interviews, testimonies, documents, audio or video.
The other options of the question were a) they argue points that have not yet been proven, b) they compare primary and secondary source materials, and c) they express biased opinions.