Hi there!
#1 Scream "fire"
Screaming fire is the key way to get someone's attention. Even if you are not in the place or building on fire, screaming will help get someone's attention who has a phone to call firefighters.
#2 Pull a fire alarm nearby
Fire alarms (if you are in a building) can be very useful. Pulling one immediately notifys the nearest fire station which should not be more than a few miles away.
#3 Drop and roll
You may or may not have heard the term "Stop, drop, and roll". It is a good term and should be followed. Smoke, after getting into your body, can cause you to stop breathing right. After you stop breathing for a minute or so, you will lose consciousness. You very well cannot get out of a fire if you lose consciousness. Therefore, falling to the ground is where smoke isn't, is the smartest thing to do, not matter how silly it sounds!
#4 Block all air ways
Fire needs air to live. A key way to stop a house (even if you aren't in it) from burning down, would be to block all air ways. Using a blanket, or towel even, you can block air ways in the whole entire house. Of course this may not always work, but it may help to cause minimal damage to a house, or apartment.
#5 Get water
I mean what else can I tell you? Getting water is supposed to put out the fire. So do that.
Hope this helps!
P.S. Take that Gary!
~DL