Question

Why are mutations in homeotic genes considered to be a primary mechanism for evolutionary change?

A. They can cause new body parts to arise
B. They result in trait changes that are beneficial
C. They result in loss of vestigial structures
D. They can cause changes in body shape

Answer 1

D. They can cause changes in body shape

Step-by-step explanation:

Homeotic genes are evolutionarily conserved genes that regulate the development of body parts. Mutations in these genes can eventually produce changes in body patterning. In animals, for example, Hox genes are homeotic genes that encode transcription factors which contain evolutionary conserved DNA binding region (i.e., homeodomain). Both in invertebrates and vertebrates, Hox genes (Hox) play key roles in global body patterning. In plants, MADS-box genes are well-known homeotic genes that have key roles during embryo, inflorescence and flower development.