The correct answer to this open question is the following.
The Renaissance, Reformation, Scientific Revolution, and Enlightenment are all examples of people challenging the status quo of that time and the religious beliefs that had been established, to create a new form of thinking that supported individualism, secularism, and the idea that humans were intelligent and creative beings that could use the mind, the reason to thrive. During those periods, artistic works, scientific discoveries, social and politics ideas renovated the way things were done in the middle ages.