Answer:
D. Data that does not cross state lines when disclosed by the covered entity.
Step-by-step explanation:
Protected Health Information (PHI) refers to the set of requirements that a researchers must adhere to and must ensure during a research when handling patient health data. The set of requirements are related to authorization and documentation to use that information and access to that information. Here, decedents’ information, limited access to data set with an approved data use agreement, and activities preparatory to research, with certain representations by the researcher are all covered under PHI handling and authorizations as per HIPPA except for the option D.