Question

Ecologists examine several small areas, called plots, in a Minnesota grassland. In each plot, they list the plant species and place each species into one of five categories. Each category represents a set of ecological processes that are important in a grassland ecosystem. For example, the nitrogen-fixing category includes plants that convert nitrogen in the atmosphere into a nitrogen compound that all of the plants are able to use. The ecologists then compare ecological characteristics among the plots, noting which plot includes plants in more or fewer of these categories. Genetic diversity Functional diversity Species diversity Ecosystem diversity Genetic diversity Functional diversity Ecosystem diversity Species diversity

Answer 1

Ecosystem diversity is the variety of ecosystems in a geographical area, and its loss can lead to reduced soil fertility and biological productivity. The diversity within ecosystems is reflected in the diversity of biomes, with each having unique species and interactions. Biodiversity plays a critical role in ecosystem function, making its preservation vital for maintaining a healthy environment.

Step-by-step explanation:

Ecologists study various aspects of biodiversity, including ecosystem diversity, which refers to the variety of ecosystems in a particular geographic area. An ecosystem's diversity is crucial because it underlies the biological productivity and the unique interactions between species that take place within it. For instance, the North American prairie ecosystem, once widespread, is now mostly replaced by agricultural fields and urban development, illustrating a significant loss in ecosystem diversity. This loss results in a reduction of soil fertility and biological productivity, as the complex interactions that sustain these ecosystems are disrupted.

The diversity of life in different ecosystems, such as the various biomes like deserts, grasslands, and rainforests, demonstrates the wide range of conditions and interactions that support different species. Each biome possesses unique characteristics that contribute to the overall diversity of an area. Furthermore, the concept of biome diversity can be obscured when ecosystems are categorized too broadly, thereby not accounting for the diverse ecosystems within each biome category.

The role of biodiversity in ecosystem function is also crucial, as it promotes resilience and productivity. Different species play different roles, capturing various resources, and contributing to ecosystem services such as nutrient cycling, which are essential for plant growth and a healthy environment. Therefore, preserving biodiversity and ecosystem services is essential to maintaining the balance and functioning of our natural world.

Answer 2

B.) Genetic diversity

Explanation:

In ecology there are several ways to measure diversity in an ecosystem One of these methods, that is particularly useful to understand how an ecosystem is working, is called functional diversity, in this form of diversity we analyze the different functions been done by the different species in the ecosystems; the more different functions that are covered, the more diverse an ecosystem is. This is exactly what we can see in the given sample, therefore answer is B.)