Answer: b. inductive
Step-by-step explanation:
Inductive approach is a process that involves the logic by using multiple premises which are all expected to be true and all are combined to obtain a specific conclusion. Inductive approach is used to predict and forecast the behavior of the subjects.
Here, in the given situation, Paula is observing or noticing the patterns of people sitting on the bus. This observation can be used to derive the conclusion related to the behavior of men and women. Thus it is the example of inductive approach.