Question

Compare the radius of a nonmetal atom with the radius of its ion. (Ex: Cl vs. Cl^-1)

Answer 1

Radius of
`Cl^(-)` ion is more than
`Cl`

Step-by-step explanation:

Radius of atom : It depicts the size of the atom . Distance from the centre of the nucleus to the outermost shell of the atom.

`Z_(eff)` = Effective nuclear charge : It is the total positive charge of nucleus felt by the valence electron. Greater the
`Z_(eff)` , smaller is the size of the atom ,since electron get held tightly toward nucleus.

`Cl` : It's radius is 99 pm (picometer) .It has atomic number 17 . 17 proton are holding 17 electrons

`Cl^(-)` : It's radius is 181 pm. 17 proton are holding 18 electrons

Reason for increase in size from
`Cl` to
`Cl^(-)`.

`Cl^(-)` is formed when one electron is added to Cl atom.This causes more electron-electron repulsion within the shell.The attractive force of the nucleus reduce because
`Z_(eff)` decreases.