Question

In a lab experiment, a student is trying to apply the conservation of momentum. Two identical balls, each with a mass of 1.0 kg, roll toward each other and collide. The velocity is measured before and after each collision. The collected data is shown below. A 5 column table with 3 rows. The first column is unlabeled with entries Trial 1, Trial 2, Trial 3, Trial 4. The second column is labeled Initial Velocity Ball A (meters per second) with entries positive 1, positive 0.5, positive 2, positive 0.5. The third column is labeled Initial Velocity Ball B (meters per second) with entries negative 2, negative 1.5, positive 1, negative 1. The third column is labeled Final Velocity Ball A (meters per second) with entries negative 2, negative 0.5, positive 1, positive 1.5. The fourth column is labeled Final Velocity Ball B (meters per second) with entries negative 1, negative 0.5, negative 2, negative 1.5. Which trial shows the conservation of momentum in a closed system? Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 4

Answer 1

Answer: Trial 2

Step-by-step explanation:

Answer 2

Second Trial satisfy principle of conservation of momentum

Step-by-step explanation:

Given mass of ball A and ball B
`=\ 1.0\ Kg.`

Let mass of ball
`A` and
`B\ is\ m`

Final velocity of ball
`A\ is\ v_1`

Final velocity of ball
`B\ is\ v_2`

initial velocity of ball
`A\ is\ u_1`

Initial velocity of ball
`B\ is\ u_2`

Momentum after collision
`=mv_1+mv_2`

Momentum before collision
`= mu_1+mu_2`

Conservation of momentum in a closed system states that, moment before collision should be equal to moment after collision.

Now,
`mu_1+mu_2=mv_1+mv_2`

Plugging each trial in this equation we get,

First Trial

`mu_1+mu_2=mv_1+mv_2\\1(1)+1(-2)=1(-2)+1(-1)\\1-2=-2-1\\-1=-3`

momentum before collision
`\\eq` moment after collision

Second Trial

`mu_1+mu_2=mv_1+mv_2\\1(.5)+1(-1.5)=1(-.5)+1(-.5)\\.5-1.5=-.5-.5\\-1=-1`

moment before collision
`=` moment after collision

Third Trial

`mu_1+mu_2=mv_1+mv_2\\1(2)+1(1)=1(1)+1(-2)\\2+1=1-2\\3=-1`

momentum before collision
`\\eq` moment after collision

Fourth Trial

`mu_1+mu_2=mv_1+mv_2\\1(.5)+1(-1)=1(1.5)+1(-1.5)\\.5-1=1.5-1.5\\-.5=0`

momentum before collision
`\\eq` moment after collision

We can see only Trial- 2 shows the conservation of momentum in a closed system.