Answer: B) Elaboration
Step-by-step explanation:
Elaboration is defined as the method in which the existing idea or thought than a person is trying to remember is indulged with the new data and information so that it can becomes easier in memorizing .
It has the ability of changing the non-meaningful data to meaningful information so that amplification and enhancement of data can take place.
According to the situation described in question, elaboration example is mentioned as the individual is adding the information of seeing his brother receiving the reward for the report card makes his also work in learning path.
Other options are incorrect because rehearsal is type of trial performance .Dual encoding is using verbal and visual method for the information display.Thus, the correct option is option(B).