Southeast Asia, by the 1700s,
a. saw Islamic influence spread from the Malay Peninsula to the northern coasts of Sumatra and Java.
b. had come under the political control of China.
c. had seen Islamic influence driven from the region by the joint French-Dutch "light" campaign.
d. was rigidly controlled by Europeans, with the French in control of Vietnam and the Portuguese elsewhere.
e. was militarily dominated by India's Mughal rulers.