After World War II the major difference between the United States and the Soviet Union would divide the world into two blocks: American capitalism vs Soviet communism.
The United States got out of WWII as a winner and entered into an economic golden age. It had a boom of jobs and standards of living increased.
However, the Soviet Union also had good rising numbers on its economy, and its economy directly questioned the existence of the capitalist economy.
Capitalism versus communism dispute would define most of the 20th century into what was called the Cold War.