Answer AND Explanation:
Mendel's factors are genes in modern genetics. a gene is one unit of inheritable material. Mendel derived his first law of segregation that states the paired factors that determine an organism's characteristics segregate from each other during sex cell formation.
Mendel’s law of independent assortment states that genes do not influence each other with regard to the sorting of alleles into gametes and thus every possible combination of alleles for every gene is equally likely to occur. Separate genes for separate traits are passed independently of one another from parents to offspring.