Final answer:
Microwave spectroscopy is a branch of physics that studies the interaction between electromagnetic radiation with matter in the microwave frequency range, providing valuable information about the structure and properties of molecules.
Step-by-step explanation:
Microwave spectroscopy is a branch of physics that studies the interaction between electromagnetic radiation with matter in the microwave frequency range, which includes wavelengths from 1 millimeter to 1 meter. In a microwave spectroscopy experiment, a sample containing a compound of interest is exposed to electromagnetic radiation, and the molecules in the sample absorb energy from certain wavelengths. By analyzing which wavelengths are absorbed and to what extent, scientists can gain valuable information about the structure and properties of the molecules.