Answer:
d. amplifies the effects of an increase in government expenditures, while the crowding-out effect diminishes the effects.
Step-by-step explanation:
The multiplier effect amplifies the effects of an increase in government expenditures, while the crowding-out effect diminishes the effects. The multiplier effect refers to the increase in spending that results in snowball effects on other aspects of the economy. On the other hand, the crowding-out effect diminishes the effects.