Answer:
b. structural functionalism
Step-by-step explanation:
Structural functionalism: The concept of structural functionalism is a type of the sociological theory that describes the process of different functions lead by the society and the reason behind that functions by exploring various social institution's relationships that makes up a community or society, for example, law, rule, government, etc.
The theory explains the primary or basic values consensus, social order, collective conscience, education, family, crime, and the media.
In the question above, the theoretical approach which is being used to understand the example is the structural functionalism.