Question

Consider a 1.0 L cotainer of neon gas at STP. Will the averageklinetic energy, average velocity, and frequency of collisions ofgas molecules with the walls of the container increase, decrease,or remain the same under each of the following conditions?

a. The temperature is increased to 100 C.
b. The temperature is decreased to -50 C
c. The volume is decreased to 0.5 L.
d. The number of moles of neon is doubled.

Answer 1

a. KE: increases, u: increases, frequency: increases

b. KE: decreases, u: decreases, frequency: decreases

c. KE: remains the same, u: remains the same, frequency: increases

d. KE: remains the same, u: remains the same, frequency: increases

Step-by-step explanation:

The average kinetic energy of a gas can be calculated by:

KE = 3/2 * RT

And the average velocity of the molecules by:

u = √3RT/M

Where R is the gas constant, T is the temperature, and M is the molar mass.

a. When the temperature increases, KE and u increase, as can be observed by the equations below (they are directly proportional to the temperature). When the velocity is and the energy are higher, the molecules intend to collide more, so the frequency of collision will increase too.

b. The opposite is happening, so all of them will decrease.

c. The change in volume doesn't influence the KE and u, so they remain the same, but with less space in the container, the frequency of collision increases.

d. The number of moles of the gas doesn't interfere in the KE and u, so they remain the same, but with more moles, there'll be more mater to collide, so the frequency of collision increases.