Question

Given the following observed and expected data (total of 1000), using chi-squared calculate a p-value that corresponds with this data:

Phenotype Observed Expected
cinnabar, vestigial 384 390
roof 408 390
cinnabar, roof, vestigial 63 70
Wild type 72 70
vestigial 32 35
cinnabar, roof 34 35
roof, vestigial 4 5
cinnabar 3 5

a. 025> p> 0.1
b. 0.9 > p >0.75
c. 0.05 > p
d. 0.75 > p>0.5
e. 0.95 >p >0.9

Answer 1

The answer is "
`0.90>p>0.75.`"

Explanation:

`\text{Cinnabar vestigial} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 384 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 390 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ -6 36 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 0.092308\\\\`

`roof \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 408 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 390 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 18 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 324 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 0.830769\\\\\text{Cinnabar vestigial roof} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 63 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 70\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ -7 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 49 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 0.7\\\\\text{wild type} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 72 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 70 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 2 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 4 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 0.057143\\\\`

`vestigial \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 32 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 35 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ -3 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 9 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 0.257143\\\\`

`\text{Cinnabar roof} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 34\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 35 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ -1 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 1 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 0.028571\\\\\text{roof vestigial} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 4 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 5 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ -1 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 1 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 0.2\\\\`

`\text{cinnabar} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 3 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 5 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ -2\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 4 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 0.8 \\\\`

`Total \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 1000 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 2.965934`

Eight phenotypes were present.

Df is provided also by a number of phenotypes -1 The degree of freedom

`\to df = 8-1= 7`

For p-value 0,9, Chi-square is 2.83;

The p-value of 0.75 is 4.5. Chi-square

Chi-sqaure value is observed at 2.965.

That means 0.90>p-value>0.75.