Answer:
(a) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁴
(b) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁵
(c) sp³
(d) No valence orbital remains unhybridized.
Step-by-step explanation:
Consider the SCl₂ molecule.
(a) What is the electron configuration of an isolated S atom?
S has 16 electrons. Its electron configuration is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁴.
(b) What is the electron configuration of an isolated Cl atom?
Cl has 17 electrons. Its electron configuration is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁵.
(c) What hybrid orbitals should be constructed on the S atom to make the S-Cl bonds in SCl₂?
SCl₂ has a tetrahedral electronic geometry. Therefore, the orbital 3s hybridizes with the 3 orbitals 3 p to form 4 hybrid orbital sp³.
(d) What valence orbitals, if any, remain unhybridized on the S atom in SCl₂?
No valence orbital remains unhybridized.