Question

Gluconeogenesis is the conversion of pyruvate to glucose. This metabolic pathway needs several cofactors to complete the conversion. Complete the unbalanced equation to generate one equivalent of glucose. pyruvate + NADH + ATP + GTP → 1 glucose + NAD+ + ADP + GDP + PiHow many equivalents of pyruvate are needed to generate 1 equivalent of glucose?How many equivalents of NADH/NAD are used/produced to make 1 equivalent of glucose?How many equivalents of ATP/ADP are used/produced in the overall reaction to make 1 equivalent of glucose?How many equivalents of GTP/GDP are used/produced in the overall reaction to make 1 equivalent of glucose?How many equivalents of Pi is produced to make 1 equivalent of glucose?

Answer 1

Answer: & Explanation:

The overall for equation for gluconeogenesis is

2 Pyruvate + 4 ATP + 2 GTP + 2 NADH+ + 2 H+ + 4 H2O → 1 Glucose + 4 ADP + 2 GDP + 6 Pi + 2 NAD+

From the equation

2 molecules of pyruvate is needed to generate one molecule of glucose.

No NADH is produced, but 2 molecules of NADH are used during the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase reaction in glycolysis.

No ATP is produced, but 4 molecules of ATP are used to generate one molecule of glucose. During the carboxylation of pyruvate to oxaloacetate in the mitochondria by pyruvate carboxylase one ATP is required for each pyruvate molecule. Also during the phosphorylation of 3-phospho glycerate to 1,3- Bisphospho glycerate, 1 ATP is required for each molecule.

6 Pi are produced in the generation of a molecule of glucose.