The balanced reaction is
3Na3PO4 + 2CuSO4 ------> 3Na2SO4 + Cu3(PO4)2
To balance this reaction of double displacement, we see first that this reaction maintain the valence numbers of every atom.
Then, to have the same value of Na in the two sides of the reaction we multiply for the number of the other side. So,
(Na3PO4)x 2
(Na2SO4)x3
As we can see either, we need to balance PO4 cause there are two molecules of this in the reactant side, so we have two molecules of PO4 in the product either.
Then we get
3Na3PO4 + 2CuSO4 ------> 3Na2SO4 + Cu3(PO4)2
To probe that balance was correct, you can verify that the charges are exactly the opposite.